yacht master 1 chocolate

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Yacht-Master 40mm
126621 Chocolate

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Euro	€19,484.41
GB Pound	£16,623.31
AU $	$30,906.48

Prestige Time, LLC accepts payment in US Dollars only. Rates do not include taxes, duties, shipping, insruance, or any other expenses associated with the purchase.

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Model #: 126621 Chocolate Rolex Yacht-Master 40mm Mens Watch

Watch Details
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Case Shape	Round
Case Dimensions	40mm
Case Material	Stainless Steel & Rose Gold
Dial Color	Brown
Crystal	Scratch Resistant Sapphire
Bezel	Bi-Directional Rotating
Screw-in Crown	Yes
	Does not allow contact with water
30m/99ft - 50m/165ft	Allows for contact with water such as washing hands and rain
50m/165ft - 100m/330ft	Allows for light poolside swimming
100m/330ft - 200m/660ft	Allows for swimming, snorkeling and showering (do not expose to hot water)
200m/660ft - 500m/1650ft	Allows for impact water sports such as board diving and scuba diving
500m/1650ft +	Appropriate for serious deep water diving.

Learn more about Water Resistance.

Rolex is a registered trademark of Rolex USA. Prestige Time LLC is not an authorized dealer for Rolex and is in NO WAY affiliated with Rolex SA or Rolex USA. All Rolex watches sold by Prestige Time LLC are in UNWORN condition.

Polished finished stainless steel case.
Patented "Triplock" locking crown crown ensuring that the crown screws down against the Oyster case as securely as a submarine hatch.
Polished stainless steel.
Solid 18kt Everose Gold bezel.
Bi-directional rotating bezel.
Polished beveled corners.
Ribbed edge for a sure grip.
Matte finished recessed top with raised polished finished numbers & graduation indexes.
Chocolate brown dial with a fine sunray dial.
Applied polished Everose gold rimmed hour markers with luminous fill.
Polished 18kt Everose gold hands with luminous fill.
Fine printed minute/seconds track on the dial perimeter.
Date window displayed at the 3 o'clock position with a cyclops magnifier.
Rolex in-house calibre 3235, beats at 28,800 vph, contains 31 Jewels & has an approximate power reserve of 70 hours. Features Rolex's Paramagnetic blue Parachrom hairspring & jigh-performance Paraflex shock absorbers.

Alternate model # m126621-0001

Mens rolex 126621 chocolate yacht-master 40mm watch.

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Receive a 2% discount with a bank-to-bank wire transfer on watches over $1,500.

We accept personal and cashier checks issued from US banks only. Allow 3-7 days for funds to clear. Receive a 2% discount with this payment method.

Receive a 2% discount with a bank-to-bank wire transfer on watches over $1,500.

All packages shipped via Prestige Time LLC are fully insured against loss, theft and damage during transit. All packages are shipped with an "Adult Signature" requirement prior to release by the FedEx driver. Before signing please inspect the package to ensure it has not been tampered with or damaged. View complete Shipping policies for US orders .

Domestic shipping fees (USA only):
FedEx Standard (3 business days delivery)	FREE ($25.00 value)
FedEx 2nd Day (2 business days delivery)	$35.00 ($60.00 value)
FedEx Next Day (next business day delivery)	$50.00 ($75.00 value)
FedEx Priority Overnight delivery (delivery before 10:30 AM)	$80.00 ($105.00 value)

Shipments to Alaska, PR and Hawaii: Orders shipped to Alaska, Puerto Rico and Hawaii will be charged a flat fee of $60 and are usually delivered within two to three business days from shipping.

All quoted prices and actual charges are in US Dollars.

Our preferable method of shipping is via DHL and FedEx Priority International. All parcels are insured for the full value against loss, theft or damage while in transit. Before signing please inspect the package to ensure it has not been tampered with or damaged. View complete Shipping policies for International orders .

International shipping fees:

up to $5,000	$60	$70 - $100
$5,000 - $8,000	$80	$100 - $150
$8,000 and up	$100	$150+

All prices quoted are before your local taxes, duties, VAT, GST, PST or any other such charges. These fees will be assessed and charged separately when the watch clears customs in your country. These fees are the customer's responsibility.

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We offer a 14 day return policy from the day of receipt.
Returns are subject to a 2% restocking fee (waived for an exchange of equal or close to equal value).
Some watches are considered a "special order" in which case the watch is a final sale or has a shortened return policy. Should the watch be considered a "special order" we will inform you prior to shipping.

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All international orders are considered a "special order", which means that the sale is final & non-returnable

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Prestige Time specializes in the sale of authentic watches at discounted prices. We have been selling watches online since 1999! All new/unworn watches sold by Prestige Time, LLC are guaranteed to be 100% genuine, unworn, in the original box and with the original serial numbers intact. View our detailed return and warranty policies. Your satisfaction is guaranteed.

This watch is covered by the Prestige Time 5 Year Warranty from the date of sale.

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Rolex 126621 Chocolate Yacht-Master 40mm

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Yacht-Master
116621-0001 : Yacht-Master 40 Rolesor Everose / Chocolate

Rolex - 116621-0001 Yacht-Master 40 Rolesor Everose / Chocolate

Brand:
Family:
Reference:
Name:	Yacht-Master 40 Rolesor Everose / Chocolate
Movement:
Produced:	2016 - 2019
Limited:	No

Materials:	Rose Gold, Stainless Steel
Bezel:	Rotating, 0-60 (Dive)
Glass:	Sapphire
Back:	Closed
Shape:	Round
Diameter:	40.00 mm
Height:	12.00 mm
Lug Width:	20.00 mm
W/R:	100.00 m

Nickname:	Chocolate
Color:	Brown
Indexes:	Stick / Dot
Hands:	Mercedes

Rolex 116621-0001 : Yacht-Master 40 Rolesor Everose / Chocolate

Price in euro

Rolex 116621-0001 description.

The Yacht-Master was first introduced in 1992 as a more luxurious alternative to the Submariner. It features a slightly more curved case that is completely polished; the revolving bezel features raised numerals. In its current iteration, the case measures 40mm across, housing the 'Perpetual' caliber 3135. Reference 116622 was introduced in 2012 as a replacement for the 16622. The updates include slight refinements to the dial and bezel in terms of finish and fonts. The 116622 also features an updated bracelet, with a different fit of the end links and an updated clasp. The ref. 116621 is a variation with 'Rolesor' case in stainless steel & rose gold.

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Rolex Yatch-master Chocolate Dial 18k Rose Gold Mens Watch 116621

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Product specifications

Jewelry information.

Brand, Seller, or Collection Name	Rolex
Clasp	Deployment Clasp
Model number	116621
Model Year	2017

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Product description.

Stainless steel and 18k everose gold case with a stainless steel and 18k everose gold Rolex Oyster bracelet. Bi-directional rotating 18k everose gold bezel. Chocolate dial with everose gold-tone hands and index hour markers. Minute markers around the outer rim. Dial Type: Analog. Date display at the 3 o'clock position. Rolex Calibre 3135 automatic movement. Scratch resistant sapphire crystal. Screw down crown. Solid case back. Case size: 40 mm. Round case shape. Oysterlock clasp. Water resistant at 100 meters / 330 feet. Functions: date, hour, minute, second. Luxury watch style. Watch label: Swiss Made. Rolex Yacht-Master Chocolate Dial Steel and 18K Everose Gold Oyster Mens Watch.

Is Discontinued By Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ No
Item model number ‏ : ‎ 116621
Department ‏ : ‎ Unisex-adult
Date First Available ‏ : ‎ August 11, 2004
Manufacturer ‏ : ‎ Rolex
ASIN ‏ : ‎ B01KDMQKAI
#50,026 in Men's Wrist Watches

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Yacht-Master

Rolex Yacht-Master 116621 Chocolate Dial

Join the product waitlist & get first dibs.

Pre-owned Rolex Yacht-Master ref 116621 (2017) in Everose Rolesor is a fresh and contemporary edition of the famed regatta timer. The two-tone finish is relatively new to the Rolex portfolio, first appearing in the early 2000s. It pairs 904L-grade Oystersteel with 18k rose gold, both of which are forged in-house using the finest metals available to ensure unparalleled quality and longevity. Many Rolexes outfitted with the stunning finish also sport chocolate brown dials to match the warm hues of the rose gold, including the authentic Rolex 116621 for sale here. This model features a stunning sunburst finish, Chromalight hour markers and hands in rose gold surrounds, and a date display at 3 o'clock. It also features a remarkable rose gold bezel with a sand-blasted and polished finish.

I LOVE this watch. It looks so much nicer in person than it does on the site. It's luxurious and matches with anything I wear. Absolutely love how the chocolate dial accents my skin color.

Great , fast , and professional experience . I ordered my watch in that morning and it was on my wrist the next afternoon .

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The reviews what people are saying.

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Overall great experience and Bob’s Watches made it a seamless, simple process. I sold a Rolex and worked with Max who was excellent to work with. Would consider Bob’s Watches again for sale or purchase of Rolex.

Never had purchased a pre-owned watch until Bob’s. My experience was outstanding in every way. Will use Bob’s again for my next purchase.

Do you have questions about our Steel and Rose Gold Rolex 116621 for sale? Our team of friendly watch experts is here to assist you. Whether you're curious about its features, authenticity, or purchasing process, we're just a call or email away. Don't hesitate to reach out; your perfect Brown Rolex Yacht-Master watch is just a conversation away.

Choosing Bob's Watches for your luxury watch purchase ensures unparalleled authenticity and quality. Our stringent authentication process, performed by a team of experts, guarantees that every watch is genuine and original. We offer certified pre-owned watches that meet our high standards for condition and functionality, giving you peace of mind with your Rolex investment. Additionally, our in-house professional servicing ensures that each timepiece is meticulously maintained and performs at its best. Finally, our comprehensive warranty provides long-term support, covering parts and labor.

Rolex watches are synonymous with luxury, style, and precision. These iconic timepieces are crafted using only the highest quality materials, including precious metals and gemstones. Rolex watches are designed to withstand the test of time, with intricate movements and advanced technology ensuring unparalleled accuracy and reliability. As a status symbol of success and sophistication, Rolex watches continue to be highly sought after by collectors and enthusiasts worldwide. Learn more by reading our Rolex watches ultimate guide and discover the finest collection of Rolex for sale, embodying luxury and precision.

We are proud to present a collection of authentic, unworn or pre-owned luxury watches that have been rigorously verified for authenticity. Each timepiece is subject to an extensive authentication procedure, ensuring that every purchase is made with assurance and worn with prestige. We guarantee a shopping experience free from counterfeits.

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Rolex Yacht-Master 40 Rhodium Grey Dial Automatic Men's Watch 16622

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.css-1c7en8u{font-size:clamp(1.375rem, 1.25rem + 0.3125vw, 3.125rem);line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:1rem;} Yacht-Master 40 .css-1g7r01k{font-weight:300;font-size:clamp(0.875rem, 0.9375rem + 0.1563vw, 1.25rem);line-height:1.2;text-wrap:balance;}.css-1g7r01k span{display:block;} Oyster, 40 mm, Oystersteel and platinum Reference 126622

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Staying on course

The Oyster Perpetual Yacht-Master 40 in Oystersteel and platinum with an Oyster bracelet.

Bidirectional rotatable bezel, timing the distance.

The Yacht-Master’s bidirectional rotatable 60-minute graduated bezel is made entirely from precious metals or fitted with a Cerachrom insert in high-tech ceramic. The raised polished numerals and graduations stand out clearly against a matt, sand-blasted background.

This functional bezel – which allows the wearer to calculate, for example, the sailing time between two buoys – is also a key component in the model’s distinctive visual identity.

Exceptional legibility

Like all Rolex Professional watches, the Yacht-Master 40 offers exceptional legibility in all circumstances, and especially in the dark, thanks to its Chromalight display.

The broad hands and hour markers in simple shapes – triangles, circles, rectangles – are filled with a luminescent material emitting a long-lasting glow.

A legendary combination

Many Rolex watches are available with the now-legendary combination of yellow, white or Everose gold and steel known as Rolesor, but Rolesium is a creation specific to the Yacht-Master.

While the case and bracelet are in rugged Oystersteel, the bezel of the Rolesium versions is made of platinum, imparting a silvery whiteness and vibrant luminosity for an unmistakable sense of luxury.

The Oyster bracelet

Alchemy of form and function.

The Oyster bracelet is a perfect alchemy of form and function, aesthetics and technology, designed to be both robust and comfortable. It is equipped with an Oysterlock folding clasp, which prevents accidental opening and the Easylink comfort extension link, also exclusive to Rolex.

This ingenious system allows the wearer to increase the bracelet length by approximately 5 mm, providing additional comfort in any circumstance.

More Yacht-Master technical details

Reference 126622

Model case .css-plfq1t{--iconSize:12px;--iconStrokeWidth:2px;height:var(--iconSize);position:relative;width:var(--iconSize);}.css-plfq1t::before,.css-plfq1t::after{background:currentColor;content:"";display:block;height:var(--iconStrokeWidth);left:0;position:absolute;right:0;top:50%;-webkit-transition:-webkit-transform 0.6s;transition:transform 0.6s;will-change:transform;}html.prefers-reduced-motion .css-plfq1t::before,html.prefers-reduced-motion .css-plfq1t::after{-webkit-transition:none;transition:none;}.css-160voq8 .css-plfq1t::after{-webkit-transform:rotate(90deg);-moz-transform:rotate(90deg);-ms-transform:rotate(90deg);transform:rotate(90deg);}.no-js .css-plfq1t{display:none;}

Oyster, 40 mm, Oystersteel and platinum

Oyster architecture

Monobloc middle case, screw-down case back and winding crown

Rolesium - combination of Oystersteel and platinum

Platinum bidirectional rotatable 60-minute graduated with raised numerals

Winding crown

Screw-down, Triplock triple waterproofness system

Scratch-resistant sapphire, Cyclops lens over the date

Water resistance

Waterproof to 100 metres / 330 feet

Perpetual, mechanical, self-winding

3235, Manufacture Rolex

-2/+2 sec/day, after casing

Centre hour, minute and seconds hands. Instantaneous date with rapid setting. Stop-seconds for precise time setting

Paramagnetic blue Parachrom hairspring. High-performance Paraflex shock absorbers

Bidirectional self-winding via Perpetual rotor

Power reserve

Approximately 70 hours

Oyster, three-piece solid links

Oystersteel

Folding Oysterlock safety clasp with Easylink 5 mm comfort extension link

Highly legible Chromalight display with long-lasting blue luminescence

Certification

Superlative Chronometer (COSC + Rolex certification after casing)

Learn how to set the time and other functions of your Rolex watch by consulting our user guides.

Yacht-Master 40

Contact an Official Rolex Retailer

Only official Rolex retailers are allowed to sell and maintain a Rolex watch. With the necessary skills, technical know-how and special equipment, they guarantee the authenticity of each and every part of your Rolex and help you make the choice that will last a lifetime.

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The capital city of Samara oblast: Samara .

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Samara Oblast is a federal subject of Russia located in the southeastern part of European Russia, in the middle reaches of the Volga River, part of the Volga Federal District. Samara is the capital city of the region.

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History of Samara Oblast

The territory of the present Samara region became part of the Russian state in the middle of the 16th century, after the Kazan and Astrakhan khanates were conquered by the Russian state. In the 17th-18th centuries, the territory around the middle Volga was colonized by migrants from other regions of Russia and foreigners (in particular, the Volga Germans).

The intensified colonization of the region began only in the second half of the 18th century. From the mid 19th century, this region experienced economic growth. Samara became an important center of the Russian domestic grain market, which led to the development of trade and industry in the city. In 1851, Samara became the center of Samara guberniya (province).

In 1935, Samara was renamed into Kuybyshev (the historical name was returned in 1990). In Soviet times, industrialization had a serious impact on the development of the region. Construction of plants producing explosives, poisonous substances and ammunition began in the town of Chapayevsk.

During the Second World War, the region became one of the centers of the defense industry of the USSR. In 1941, an oil processing plant was put into operation in Syzran providing the army with fuel. Several aviation plants were evacuated to Kuybyshev from Moscow and Voronezh. They started production of “Il-2” attack aircraft.

More Historical Facts…

In 1942, a railway passed through Syzran to supply Soviet troops during the Stalingrad Battle. In 1941-1943, diplomatic missions of foreign countries to the USSR were located in Kuybyshev (Samara). In 1941, there were plans for transferring the capital of the country to Kuybyshev in case the German troops capture Moscow.

In the 1950s-1960s, this region was one of the leading centers of oil extracting in the USSR. In 1945-1951, Kuybyshev and Novokuybyshev oil processing plants were built. At the same time, construction of Zhiguli hydroelectric power station was resumed. It was put into operation in 1955. Because of this construction, the town of Stavropol was flooded and was rebuilt in a new place and received a new name - Tolyatti.

Later, the construction base created during the construction of Zhiguli hydroelectric power station was used to create a series of other large industrial enterprises in Tolyatti - “KuybyshevAzot” mineral fertilizer plant, “Tolyattikauchuk” synthetic rubber plant (1964-1966), the Volga Automobile Plant (1970), and the largest in the country and the world manufacturer of ammonia “TolyattiAzot” (1979).

At the same time, aviation production was expanded. Kuibyshev Aviation Plant began production of the most mass Soviet passenger medium-haul aircraft Tu-154. The Soviet rocket space program orders were also fulfilled at this plant (“Progress” rockets).

In the post Soviet period, due to saved economic potential, Samara oblast has become one of the main economic centers of the country.

Samara Oblast views

Samara Oblast scenery

Author: Dmitriy Siryachenko

Winter in Samara Oblast

Author: Ochin Vladimir

Author: Alexander Urgalkin

Samara Oblast - Features

Samara Oblast stretches from north to south for 335 km, and from west to east - for 315 km. The climate is moderately continental. The average temperature in July is plus 20.7 degrees Celsius, in January - minus 13.8 degrees Celsius.

The largest cities and towns of the region are Samara (1,137,000), Tolyatti (685,600), Syzran (163,000), Novokuybyshevsk (98,400), Chapaevsk (70,100), Zhigulevsk (50,000), Otradny (47,000).

The main resources of the Samara region are oil, natural gas, shale oil, various building materials, water resources. The local industry is presented by about 400 large and medium plants and over 4,000 small ones. The most developed industries are machine building (automotive industry) and metalworking, fuel, electric power, chemical and petrochemical, non-ferrous metallurgy.

AvtoVAZ is the largest manufacturer of cars in Russia and Eastern Europe. TogliattiAzot is the largest producer of ammonia in the world (about 8-10%). The 300-kilometer section of the main ammonia pipeline Togliatti-Odessa passes through the territory of the region.

Crop production specializes in the cultivation of wheat, barley, millet, buckwheat, sunflower, vegetables, and potatoes. Livestock is represented by production of cattle meat and milk, pigs, poultry.

Tourism in Samara Oblast

There are 19 monuments of archeology, more than 1,200 cultural monuments, 11 theaters, and 58 museums on the territory of the Samara region. The cities of Samara, Syzran and Tolyatti are included in the List of Historical Settlements of the Russian Federation.

The most developed areas of tourism: sightseeing tourism, cruises along the Volga River, medical and recreational, ecological, event, rural, and ethnographic tourism, caving tourism, bicycle and horse routes.

The most interesting sights:

The buildings of the Samara Drama Theater and the Samara Opera and Ballet Theater,
Stalin’s Bunker, House with Elephants, Klodt Mansion, Zhigulevsky Brewery in Samara,
Samara Space Museum,
Church of Sergius of Radonezh in Chapaevsk,
Kremlin, Sterlyadkin Mansion in Syzran,
Church of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God in the village of Verhnee Sancheeleevo,
Museum of the History of Technology in Tolyatti,
House-museum of Ilya Repin in the village of Shiryaevo,
Sarbai Center of Folk Crafts in the village of Sarbai,
Center for Historical Modeling “Ancient World” with the dwellings of the Stone and Bronze Ages,
Zhiguli State Nature Reserve and Samarskaya Luka National Park - a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Zhiguli Mountains are the largest mountain range in the region and, at the same time, one of the most beautiful places in Russia.

Annual festivals taking place in the Samara region:

All-Russia festival of the author’s song named after Valery Grushin (the first weekend of July),
“World of Bards” (in the end of August),
Festival of electronic music and extreme sports GES FEST (the second week of July),
“The Battle of Timur and Tokhtamysh”,
“Steppe races in the Samara estate of Leo Tolstoy”,
International festival “Drums of the World” (June),
Holiday “Syzran tomato” (mid-August),
“Holiday of a cherry pie” in the village of Shiryaevo,
International festival “Theatrical Circle” in Tolyatti,
Festival of Classical Ballet named after Alla Shelest.

Samara oblast of Russia photos

Nature of samara oblast.

Field road in the Samara region

Dandelions in Samara Oblast

Author: Vladimir Baboshin

Samara Oblast landscape

Early history

Samara, together with its northern neighbour Kazan , is at the centre of the Idel-Ural historical region. Ahmad ibn Fadlan visited the area that is now Samara around 921 while on his journey to the Volga Bulgars who then controlled the region from their capital Bolghar .

Legend has it that Alexius, Metropolitan of Moscow , later Patron Saint of Samara, visited the site of the city in 1357 and predicted that a great town would be erected there, and that the town would never be ravaged. The Volga port of Samara appears on Italian maps of the 14th century. Before 1586, the Samara Bend was a pirate nest. Lookouts would spot an oncoming boat and quickly cross to the other side of the peninsula whenever the pirates organized an attack. Officially, Samara started with a fortress built in 1586 at the confluence of the Volga and Samara Rivers . This fortress was a frontier post protecting the then easternmost boundaries of Russia from forays of nomads . A local customs office was established in 1600.

As more and more ships pulled into Samara's port, the town turned into a centre for diplomatic and economic links between Russia and the East. Samara also opened its gates to peasant war rebels headed by Stepan Razin and Yemelyan Pugachyov , welcoming them with traditional bread and salt . The town was visited by Peter the Great and later Tsars .

In 1780, Samara was turned into an uyezd town of Simbirsk Governorate overseen by the local Governor-General, and Uyezd and Zemstvo Courts of Justice and a Board of Treasury were established. On January 1, 1851, Samara became the centre of Samara Governorate with an estimated population of 20,000. This gave a stimulus to the development of the economic, political and cultural life of the community. Samara was outside of the Pale of Settlement and as such did not have any significant Jewish population until the late 19th century. In 1877, during the Russian-Turkish War , a mission from the Samara city government Duma led by Petr Alabin , as a symbol of spiritual solidarity, brought a banner tailored in Samara pierced with bullets and saturated with the blood of both Russians and Bulgarians, to Bulgaria, which has become a symbol of Russian-Bulgarian friendship.

Soviet period

In 1935, Samara was renamed Kuybyshev in honour of the Bolshevik leader Valerian Kuybyshev .

During World War II, Kuybyshev was chosen to be the alternative capital of the Soviet Union should Moscow fall to the invading Germans, until the summer of 1943, when everything was moved back to Moscow. In October 1941, the Communist Party and governmental organisations, diplomatic missions of foreign countries, leading cultural establishments and their staff were evacuated to the city. A dugout for Joseph Stalin known as " Stalin's Bunker " was constructed but never used. To mark its role as wartime national capital a special Revolution Day parade was held at the city's Kuybyshev Square on November 7, 1941, and since 2011 has been remembered in an annual military parade organised by the city government.

As a leading industrial centre, Kuybyshev played a major role in arming the country. From the very first months of World War II the city supplied the front with aircraft, firearms, and ammunition. Health centres and most of the city's hospital facilities were turned into base hospitals. Polish and Czechoslovakian military units were formed on the territory of the Volga Military District. Samara's citizens also fought at the front, many of them volunteers. [ citation needed ]

After the war the defence industry developed rapidly in Kuybyshev; existing facilities changed their profile and new factories were built, leading to Kuybyshev becoming a closed city . In 1960, Kuybyshev became the missile shield centre for the country. The launch vehicle Vostok , which delivered the first crewed spaceship to orbit, was built at the Samara Progress Plant . Yuri Gagarin , the first man to travel in space on April 12, 1961, took a rest in Kuybyshev after returning to Earth. While there, he spoke to an improvised meeting of Progress workers. Kuybyshev enterprises played a leading role in the development of Soviet domestic aviation and the implementation of the Soviet space program. There is also an unusual monument situated in Samara commemorating an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft assembled by Kuybyshev workers in late 1942. This particular plane was shot down in 1943 over Karelia, but the heavily wounded pilot, K. Kotlyarovsky, managed to crash-land the plane near Lake Oriyarvi. The aircraft was returned to Kuybyshev in 1975, and was placed on display at the intersection of two major roads as a symbol of the deeds of home front servicemen and air-force pilots during the Great Patriotic War .

Post-Soviet period

In January 1991, the historical name of Samara was given back to the city. Samara is one of the major industrial cities of Russia and has a multiethnic population. The city retains its leading positions in the region, mainly due to a number of oil and petrochemical enterprises. In September 2016, Samara was awarded the title "City of Labor and Combat Glory".

In 2018, Samara became one of the host cities of the FIFA World Cup , the matches of which were held at the Samara Arena stadium.

On July 2, 2020, the title " City of Labor Valor " was awarded to Samara. On December 10, 2021, the Memorial Complex was installed on the Alley of Labor Glory on the Young Pioneers Avenue. The central element of the memorial complex was a glass and metal stele about 26 meters high.

Urban layout

The development of the territory of modern Samara began in the 16th century with the foundation of the Samara fortress. Prior to the founding of the fortress, this area was home to piers for Volga ships. The official date of foundation of the settlement was the decree of Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich of 1586. The location of the town was predetermined by several factors: strategic placement in order to ensure security from the raids of nomadic tribes; expansion of the Russian state in the Middle and Lower Volga regions; convenient location in the steppe landscape, at the intersection of the Volga and Samarka rivers.

The fortress was wooden with 11 towers, surrounded by a rampart and a moat, and occupied 5.2 hectares. Gradually, the population of the fortress increased, and the surrounding territories were developed. Simultaneously with the fortress in 1586, Boldyrskaya Sloboda arose on the Volga slope, and around 1645, upstream the Volga, Voznesenskaya Sloboda. During the 17th century, the settlements merged into a single whole.

In 1688, the settlement received the status of a city, which required the development of the first boundary plan. It is known that by the beginning of the 18th century the city stretched in a narrow strip along the Volga slope. From 1703 to 1706, a new earthen, diamond-shaped form was built to the east of the old fortress. The layout was unsystematic, with small blocks of bizarre shapes. Almost the entire territory was occupied by residential buildings and administrative, commercial and military buildings were concentrated only in the fortress. The territories along the banks of the Volga and Samarka were occupied by marinas and barns. By 1717, there were 210 philistine houses and 17 houses of yasak peasants in Samara. The settlement grew slowly due to its border position and by the end of the 18th century it occupied 61.2 hectares of territory, compactly stretching along the banks of the Volga.

In 1763, Empress Catherine II signed an order "On the making of all cities, their buildings and streets of special plans for each province especially." In the 70s, extensive activities were launched by the “Commission on the Stone Buildings of St. Petersburg and Moscow” to rebuild provincial cities. At the same time, the development of the first master plan for Samara began. In 1764, the settlement changed its administrative status, becoming a settlement. In 1780 it again received the status of a county town. In 1765 and 1772 it was badly damaged by fires. Despite these obstacles, in 1782 Samara received the first master plan with a rectangular grid of streets. According to the plan, the territory of the city was subject to a complete redevelopment: all buildings were liquidated, with the exception of several churches, houses and a fortress. In 1796, a second reconstruction plan was drawn up, identical to the first. As a result of its implementation, by 1804 the territory of Samara had increased to 70.4 hectares. The basis for the planning of the northern part of the city was a rectangular quarter measuring 130 × 260 m. The southern part of the settlement retained its irregular character. The main type of building of this period is a low-rise estate. The directions of the streets were determined by the direction of the channel, the so-called Samara break. The city was divided into functional zones: residential areas with trade facilities, administrative and religious buildings. Community centers were located around churches and at the ship's pier. Forges were located on the outskirts of the city. The fortress occupied 3.6 hectares, divided into a residential zone, an administrative zone (offices, a prison, a storehouse), a public one (a court, a thought), a commercial, an industrial one (warehouses, piers, forges, barns). In 1804, a new plan for the reconstruction and expansion of Samara was drawn up, following the model of the previous ones. The old buildings in the south of the city were demolished, and a regular layout appeared in its place. In 1839, the plan was almost completely implemented. The territory of Samara has increased by 3.5 times (246.4 ha). The city occupied the entire territory along the watershed of the Volga and Samara rivers, the banks of which were built up with marinas, grain barns, warehouses, and small-scale industries. The Samara fortress was still preserved, but had already lost its significance.

In 1840, a new development plan was approved, according to which the territory of the city expanded further along the watershed, while maintaining the planning structure. The new plan reflected the nature of the prevailing wooden buildings (stone houses accounted for only 10% of the total). The size of the quarters remained the same, the city grew at the expense of adjacent agricultural land. As a major trading center, with a railroad, Samara in 1851 received the status of a provincial city. The general plan of 1853 regulated only building within the city limits, however, the settlement began to grow chaotically, numerous industrial facilities appeared: tanneries, oil mills, brick factories and mills. The development of navigation along the Volga led to the fact that piers, warehouses, sawmills and other factories occupied the entire Volga coast of the city. From 1875 to 1877, a private railway to Orenburg was built through Samara, laid along the banks of the Samara River. The residential part of the city was cut off from the banks of the industrial rivers, with the exception of a small section of the Strukovsky Garden, overlooking the Volga. By the end of the 19th century, Samara was a single planning space with a regular plan (with the exception of the Zasamarskaya settlement, which arose no later than the end of the 18th century).

1937 General plan – Greater Kuybyshev

The rapid growth of Kuybyshev required the development of a new master plan "Big Kuibyshev" in 1937, which was designed for the future, until 1956. It provided for a significant expansion of the city, turning it into a major industrial center. The main compositional axes arose along the watershed of the Volga and Samara rivers, and the second axis - Novo-Sadovaya Street. The structure highlights the main urban centers: Samara Square and the area of the Botanical Garden. The existing historical buildings were renovated and redeveloped, old cemeteries and churches were demolished to accommodate new public and cultural facilities. The outbreak of the Great Patriotic War prevented the full implementation of the plan. In the 1940s, large defense factories were evacuated to Kuibyshev, in connection with which the area of the city during the war and the first post-war years increased by 50%, amounting to 6651.3 hectares by the end of the 40s. Factories and factories were located along the railway, east of the old city, in empty areas. Between them and the old city, new residential areas arose. New construction also unfolded in other immediate outskirts and further in the periphery.

In 1949, a new general plan of Samara was adopted, according to which the transport system developed (the emergence of new highways), a new industrial and residential area of Bezymyanka was built, new territories were developed, new planning units appeared: microdistricts. The development of the city proceeded at an intensive pace: the Kirovsky district, the village of Kryazh, the mouth of the Dry Samarka were built up. Landscaping work was underway, the reconstruction of squares (Kuibyshev and Chapaev squares), the laying of the TsPKiO. A new urban framework was formed by community centers and main highways connecting remote areas with the historical center. However, until the end of the 1950s, the city was a conglomeration of scattered workers' settlements, located around the largest industrial enterprises. In such a system, two centers were key: the Old City (historical merchant) and the new Bezymyanka industrial district (social city). Bezymyanka was connected with the Old Town by a railway line and bus routes. This two-part structure of the city lasted until the end of the 20th century. In the 1950s, during the construction process, the local architectural school was able to form outstanding architectural ensembles that connected the workers' settlements into a single urban system. These are the buildings of Revolution Square, Kuibyshev, Samarskaya, Chapaev, Agriculture, Kirov, Pobeda Street, Kirov, Metallurgists, Yunykh Pioneers, Kuibyshev, Novo-Sadovaya, Maslennikov, the Soviet Army and the Volga embankment.

Samara experiences a humid continental climate ( Köppen climate classification Dfb , borders on Dfa ). Samara's humidity levels are higher in the summer than many Russian cities thanks to the precipitation levels and the close proximity to the Volga. The humidity levels usually range from 29% to 98% humidity over the period of a year. There was a record high of +40.4 °C (104.7 °F) during a severe heat wave . Being far inland, summers are very warm and winters very cold for its latitude among European cities.

Climate data for Samara (1991–2020, extremes 1852–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °C (°F)	5.2 (41.4)	6.8 (44.2)	18.6 (65.5)	31.1 (88.0)	35.9 (96.6)	38.4 (101.1)	39.4 (102.9)	39.9 (103.8)	34.0 (93.2)	26.0 (78.8)	14.7 (58.5)	7.3 (45.1)	39.9 (103.8)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)	−6.7 (19.9)	−5.8 (21.6)	0.9 (33.6)	12.4 (54.3)	21.4 (70.5)	25.3 (77.5)	27.3 (81.1)	25.5 (77.9)	19.0 (66.2)	10.3 (50.5)	0.7 (33.3)	−5.2 (22.6)	10.4 (50.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)	−9.6 (14.7)	−9.3 (15.3)	−2.9 (26.8)	7.5 (45.5)	15.6 (60.1)	19.8 (67.6)	21.9 (71.4)	19.9 (67.8)	13.8 (56.8)	6.5 (43.7)	−1.7 (28.9)	−7.8 (18.0)	6.1 (43.0)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)	−12.3 (9.9)	−12.5 (9.5)	−6.2 (20.8)	3.2 (37.8)	10.3 (50.5)	14.7 (58.5)	16.8 (62.2)	15.0 (59.0)	9.6 (49.3)	3.5 (38.3)	−3.8 (25.2)	−10.2 (13.6)	2.3 (36.1)
Record low °C (°F)	−44.0 (−47.2)	−36.9 (−34.4)	−36.1 (−33.0)	−20.9 (−5.6)	−4.9 (23.2)	−0.4 (31.3)	6.0 (42.8)	4.1 (39.4)	−3.4 (25.9)	−15.7 (3.7)	−28.1 (−18.6)	−41.3 (−42.3)	−44.0 (−47.2)
Average mm (inches)	56 (2.2)	44 (1.7)	42 (1.7)	40 (1.6)	38 (1.5)	48 (1.9)	47 (1.9)	41 (1.6)	46 (1.8)	49 (1.9)	46 (1.8)	52 (2.0)	549 (21.6)
Average extreme snow depth cm (inches)	37 (15)	54 (21)	50 (20)	7 (2.8)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	5 (2.0)	19 (7.5)	54 (21)
Average rainy days	4	3	5	11	14	15	14	12	14	14	10	6	122
Average snowy days	24	20	14	4	1	0.1	0	0	0.3	4	15	22	104
Average (%)	83	80	79	67	58	64	67	69	73	76	83	83	74
Mean monthly	64	102	149	214	305	303	310	275	190	108	47	46	2,113
Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net
Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)

Administrative and municipal status

Samara is the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions , it also serves as the administrative center of Volzhsky District , even though it is not a part of it. As an administrative division, it is, together with two rural localities , incorporated separately as the city of oblast significance of Samara —an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts . As a municipal division , the city of oblast significance of Samara is incorporated as Samara Urban Okrug . In April 2015, Samara's nine city districts were granted municipal status.

Electoral system

Since 2015, deputies are elected in a two-tier system: district deputies are elected who then elect representatives to the duma. In a 2019 law, the number of representatives was reduced from 41 to 37 while maintaining the two-tier system.

The Samara City Duma was founded in 1870 following administrative reforms that year.

In 2020, 210 district deputies were elected who then elected 37 representatives to the duma.

The next election will be in 2025.

Party		Seats
		29
		3
		2
		2
		1

Demographics

Historical population
Year
1897	90,000	—
1926	171,818	+90.9%
1939	390,488	+127.3%
1959	806,356	+106.5%
1970	1,044,849	+29.6%
1979	1,216,233	+16.4%
1989	1,254,460	+3.1%
2002	1,157,880	−7.7%
2010	1,164,685	+0.6%
2021	1,173,299	+0.7%
Source: Census data

The population of Samara was 1,173,393 in 2021, up from 1,164,685 in 2010.

In the 2021 Census, the following ethnic groups were listed:

Ethnic group	Population	Percentage
	979,103	91.8%
	29,535	2.8%
	6,042	0.6%
	5,997	0.6%
	5,631	0.5%
Others	40,262	3.8%

Samara is a multi-confessional city with various religious groups, including an Orthodox Christian majority and minorities of Armenian Apostolic Christians , Catholics, Protestants, Muslims, and Jews.

However, since 2009, a Russian "anti-extremism" law has led to an increase in repression of religious minorities. Local authorities and courts in Samara have targeted Jehovah's Witnesses by liquidating the group's legal entity ("Local Religious Organization" or "LRO") and designating it as an "extremist" organization. In November 2016, "the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation upheld the decision of the Samara Regional Court to recognize the Samara branch of Jehovah's Witnesses as an extremist organization and to ban its activities."

Samara is a leading industrial center in the Volga region and is among the top ten Russian cities in terms of national income and industrial production volume. Samara is known for the production of aerospace launch vehicles, satellites and various space services ( Progress State Research and Production Rocket Space Center ), engines ( Kuznetsov Design Bureau ) and cables (Volgacable, Samara Cable Company), aircraft ( Aviakor ) and rolled aluminum, block-module power stations; refining, chemical and cryogenic products; gas-pumping units; bearings of different sizes, drilling bits; automated electrical equipment; airfield equipment (Start plant); truck-mounted cranes; construction materials; chocolates made by the Russia Chocolate Factory; Rodnik vodka; Vektor vodka; Zhiguli beer; food processing and light industrial products.

Samara has an opera and ballet theater, a philharmonic orchestra hall, and five drama theaters. There is a museum of natural history and local history studies, a city art museum, and a number of movie theaters. As a dedication to the city's contribution to the development of aerospace industry, there is a space museum (called Cosmic Samara) and an exhibition of aerospace history in Samara State Aerospace University . In the 2000s, a large number of contemporary art galleries have also been built.

Samara Regional Museum of Local History named after Pyotr Vladimirovich Alabin is one of the oldest museums of the Volga region, founded on November 13, 1886. The museum offers 2,500 square meters of exposition and exhibition areas, a 270-seat cinema/lecture hall, and a library with a reading hall. Museum's funds contain around 230,000 items, including abundant archaeological and scientific collections (paleontological, mineralogical, zoological, botanical), and folklore and ethnographical collections. Visitors are offered a wide choice of expositions: paleoecological – "Natural communities of Samara region", archaeological – "Priceless heritage of the times gone by", ethnographic – "Circle of life, reflected in traditions and rituals of the Volga region indigenous peoples", historical – "The Crossroads of Samara history", and other exhibition projects.

Alabin Museum

The main branch of the Alabin Museum is the House-Museum of Vladimir Lenin in Samara is an object of cultural heritage of federal significance. It is located on the site of a former city merchant's mansion, dating to the last quarter of the 19th century. The Ulyanov family rented a second floor apartment of the house of Samara merchant Ilya Rytikov in 1893. During this time Vladimir Ulyanov graduated from St. Petersburg University law school and started employment at the Samara Regional Court. The museum opened in 1940. The museum's second floor houses a permanent memorial/household exhibition "Ulyanov family’s apartment in Samara, 1890–1893", recreating the living conditions and household atmosphere of the Ulyanov family. The ground floor contains a specialised display area, including a fragment of an artistic reconstruction of Ilya Rytikov's merchant shop.

Another branch of the museum is the Exposition Museum of Art Nouveau opened in 2012. It was the mansion of Alexandra Kurlina, a merchant's wife and philanthropist. The original façade and interior survive to this day, representing the works of European and Russian art nouveau masters. The museum is an exhibition space, which hosts major Russian museums’ projects (The Pushkin Museum, Abramtsevo Museum-Reserve, Moscow Multimedia Art Museum), and organises exhibitions of its own collections.

The final branch is the House-Museum of Mikhail Frunze which opened in 1934 but its building was constructed in 1891. On February 23, 2004, on the eve of the 70th anniversary of the museum, a new, third exposition was opened, in which new materials, previously classified as top secret, were exhibited. The exposition details information on the Russian Civil War , the confrontation on the Eastern Front between the armies of Mikhail Frunze and Alexander Kolchak , about " The Reds ", " The Whites " and " The Greens ", and about the anti-Soviet uprising behind the lines of the Eastern Front.

Architecture

Architecture of Samara dates back to 15th and 16th centuries. The city had numerous wooden buildings with elaborate decor and more than 2000 cultural heritage objects. However, after the 1990s many unique ensembles were destroyed by a "concrete tsunami" of modern office and apartment blocks.

Several sports clubs are active in the city:

Club	Founded	League Tier	Stadium
	1942	1st
	1950	2nd	Kristall Ice Palace
	1976	2nd	MTL Arena
Krylia Sovetov	2010	1st	Volga Stadium
	2018	1st	MTL Arena

Samara is also a popular venue for National and International Ice speedway , and the City won the Russian Ice Speedway Premier League in 2012/13 season, meaning they will now compete in the Super League in the 2013/14 season. Samara is one of eleven cities hosting the 2018 FIFA World Cup with 6 matches (4 Group Stage matches, 1 Round of 16 match, 1 Quarter-Final) which will take place in the newly built Cosmos Arena stadium. The stadium's seating capacity is 45,000.

During the World Cup, the city hosted the FIFA Fan Fest on the Kuibysheva Square. Up to 20,000 fans were able to participate in the event at a time.

Three new training fields have been built in the city for the FIFA World Cup. Two major roads have been repaired before the championship: the airport road and Moskovskoye Highway.

Infrastructure; transportation

Samara is a major transport hub .

Samara is located on the M5 highway , a major road between Moscow and the Ural region .

There are rail links to Moscow and other major Russian cities. The new, unusual-looking railway station building was completed in 2001.

River transport

Samara is a major river port , due to its location at the confluence of the Volga and Samara rivers.

The Kurumoch International Airport handles flights throughout Russia and Central Asia and to Frankfurt , Prague , Helsinki and Dubai . A Soviet Air Force base once existed east of the city at Bobrovka air base .

Public transport

Public transportation includes the Samara Metro , trams , municipal and private bus lines, and trolleybuses . Local trains serve the suburbs.

Samara Tram [ Wikidata ] is an extensive light rail system covering most of Samara. First opened in 1915 it currently has 25 lines extending 168.2 kilometres (104.5 mi) served by 423 tram cars . Most of all Samara trams are Tatra T3 SU, modified Tatra T3E and 1 unique Tatra T3RF.

Samara Metro is a single-line underground rapid transit system. Opened in 1987, its only line has been expanded through 2015 and currently has 10 stations . The 11th station "Teatralnaya" has been under construction since January 2022.

Samara has 188 schools of general education, lyceums, high schools, and the college of continuous education (from primary up to higher education). Samara is a major educational and scientific centre of the Volga area. Twelve public and 13 commercial institutions of higher education as well as 26 colleges.

Samara is the home of Samara State Aerospace University (SSAU), one of Russia's leading engineering and technical institutions. SSAU faculty and graduates have played a significant role in Russia's space program since its conception. Samara is also the hometown of Samara State University , a very respected higher-education institution in European Russia with competitive programs in Law, Sociology, and English Philology. Scientific research is also carried out in Samara. The Samara Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences incorporates the Samara branch of the Physical Institute, Theoretical Engineering Institute and Image Processing Systems Institute. Major research institutions operate in the city. Samara State Technical University (SamGTU) was founded in 1914. There are 11 faculties with over 20,000 students (2009) and 1,800 faculty members. On campus, there are four dormitory and ten study buildings. Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities was founded in 1911 as Samara Teachers Institute. Currently, the academy offers 42 various specialisations in its 12 faculties.

The asteroid 26922 Samara was named in honour of the city and the river on 1 June 2007. †

Notable people

Violetta Khrapina Bida (born 1994), Olympic épée fencer
Mark Feygin (born 1971), lawyer and human rights activist
Mimi Kagan (1918–1999), Russian-born American modern dancer, choreographer; born in Samara.
Ilya Kan (1909–1978), chess player
Boris Kuftin (1892–1953), archaeologist and ethnographer
Maria Kuncewiczowa (1895–1989), Polish writer and novelist
Dmitry Muratov (born 1961), journalist, 2021 Nobel Peace Prize winner
Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova (born 1991), professional tennis player and multiple junior Grand Slam champion
Enrico Rastelli (1896–1931), Italian performer and actor
Gregory Ratoff (1893–1960), Russian-born American film director, actor and producer
Pavel Romanov (1964–2014), sociologist and ethnographer
David Rudman (1943– 2022), Russian-American wrestler, Sambo world champion, and judo European champion
Sergei Alexander Schelkunoff (1897–1992), a mathematician and electromagnetism theorist, contributed to antenna theory
Olga Sharkova-Sidorova (born 1968), foil fencer
Dmitry Shostakovich (1906–1975), composer and pianist, lived in Samara during WWII where he finished his Symphony No. 7
Pavel Sukhov (born 1988), epee fencer
Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy (1882–1945), writer of science fiction and historical novels.
Dmitry Ustinov (1908–1984), Soviet Defence Minister, Marshal of the Soviet Union
Svetlana Vanyo (born 1977), Russian-American swimmer and coach